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标题: FTTX 概念及应用（PDF） [查看完整版帖子] [打印本页]

时间: 2010-11-3 11:26

作者: sonicstage 标题: FTTX 概念及应用（PDF）

【资料原名】：FTTX concepts and applications
【资料作者】：Gerd Keiser
【资料日期】：2005年7月
【资料语言】：英文
【资料格式】：PDF
【资料目录和简介】：
摘要：
这本书介绍基本的无源光网络（PON）的基本概念理解，以及设计、建设高容量的接入网链路的知识。本书一系列的主题系统地向读者介绍从光通信链路基本原理和元器件、PON的基本类型和工作方式、以及它们在光纤到户（FTTP）网络中的应用，最后，介绍在网络安装和维护工作中的基本测量和试验程序要求。

目录：
Preface xv
Chapter 1 Access Technologies 1
1.1 General Network Concepts 2
1.1.1 Network Architecture Concepts 2
1.1.2 Types of Networks 3
1.1.3 Network Terminology 4
1.1.4 First-Mile Concept 6
1.1.5 Network Market Opportunities 7
1.1.6 Terminology for Premises 8
1.2 Comparison of Access Technologies 9
1.2.1 Hybrid Fiber–Coax 9
1.2.2 Digital Subscriber Line 10
1.2.3 WiMAX 12
1.3 Passive Optical Networks 13
1.3.1 Basic PON Architectures 13
1.3.2 What Is FTTx? 14
1.4 Point-to-Point Links 16
1.5 Summary 17
Further Reading 17
Chapter 2 Optical Communications Essentials 19
2.1 Definitions of Units and Terms 19
2.1.1 Metric Prefixes 19
2.1.2 Electromagnetic Spectral Bands 20
2.1.3 Optical Spectral Band 21
2.1.4 Digital Multiplexing Hierarchy 22
2.1.5 Decibel Units 23
2.1.6 Refractive Index 26
2.2 Elements of an Optical Link 262.3 Optical Fibers 28
2.3.1 Fiber Structures 28
2.3.2 Rays and Modes 31
2.4 Optical Fiber Attenuation 33
2.5 Fiber Information Capacity 35
2.5.1 Modal Dispersion 35
2.5.2 Chromatic Dispersion 36
2.5.3 Polarization Mode Dispersion 37
2.6 Nonlinear Effects in Fibers 38
2.6.1 Stimulated Brillouin Scattering 38
2.6.2 Stimulated Raman Scattering 39
2.7 Optical Fiber Standards 40
2.8 Summary 41
Problems 42
Further Reading 44
Chapter 3 Wavelength-Division Multiplexing 45
3.1 Operational Principles of WDM 46
3.1.1 WDM Operating Regions 47
3.1.2 Generic WDM Link 48
3.2 Standard WDM Spectral Grids 49
3.2.1 Dense WDM 50
3.2.2 Coarse WDM 50
3.2.3 PON Spectral Regions 51
3.3 Optical Couplers 52
3.3.1 Basic 22 Coupler 52
3.3.2 Coupler Performance 53
3.3.3 Tap Coupler 54
3.4 Bidirectional WDM Links 55
3.5 Summary 56
Problems 57
Further Reading 59
Chapter 4 PON Transceivers 61
4.1 Optical Sources for PONs 62
4.1.1 Source Characteristics 62
4.1.2 DFB and FP Lasers 63
4.1.3 Modulation Speed 64
4.1.4 Optical Transmitter Packages 65
4.2 Optical Receivers 65
4.2.1 Photodetector Types 66
4.2.2 Quantum Efficiency 67
viii CONTENTS4.2.3 Responsivity 67
4.2.4 Speed of Detector Response 68
4.2.5 Receiver Bandwidth 69
4.2.6 Photodetector Noise 69
4.3 Receiver BER and OSNR 70
4.4 Burst-Mode Receiver Concept 71
4.5 Burst-Mode ONT Transmission 73
4.6 PON Transceiver Packages 74
4.7 Summary 75
Problems 76
Further Reading 77
Chapter 5 Passive Optical Components 79
5.1 WDM Couplers for PONs 80
5.1.1 Thin-Film Filters 81
5.1.2 Transmission Diffraction Gratings 86
5.2 Optical Power Splitter 87
5.2.1 Splitting Loss 88
5.2.2 Optical Splitter Structure 88
5.3 Optical Cables for PONs 90
5.3.1 Cable Structures 90
5.3.2 Fiber and Jacket Color Coding 92
5.4 Fiber Interconnections 93
5.4.1 Optical Connectors 93
5.4.2 Connector Losses 95
5.4.3 Optical Splices 97
5.5 Summary 98
Problems 99
Further Reading 100
Chapter 6 Passive Optical Networks 101
6.1 Fundamental PON Architecture 102
6.2 Active PON Modules 104
6.2.1 Optical Line Terminal 104
6.2.2 Optical Network Terminal 105
6.2.3 Optical Network Unit 105
6.3 Traffic Flows 106
6.4 Passive Component Applications 108
6.4.1 Optical Cables for PONs 108
6.4.2 Optical Power Splitters 108
CONTENTS ix6.4.3 Splitter Enclosures 110
6.4.4 Wavelength Couplers 110
6.5 PON Alternatives 111
6.5.1 BPON Basics 112
6.5.2 EPON and EFM 112
6.5.3 GPON Basics 113
6.6 Optics Path Attenuation Ranges 113
6.7 Standards Development 114
6.7.1 ITU-T 114
6.7.2 FSAN 114
6.7.3 IEEE 115
6.8 Summary 115
Problems 116
Further Reading 117
Chapter 7 BPON Characteristics 119
7.1 BPON Architecture 119
7.1.1 Traffic Flow Schemes 120
7.1.2 OLT Capabilities 121
7.2 ATM Basics 122
7.2.1 Use of ATM Cells 122
7.2.2 ATM Service Categories 123
7.2.3 Service Level Agreements 126
7.3 BPON Operational Characteristics 126
7.3.1 Voice and Data Traffic Flows 127
7.3.2 Protection of Grants 128
7.3.3 Video Traffic 129
7.4 Traffic Control 129
7.4.1 Fixed Bandwidth Allocation 130
7.4.2 Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation 130
7.5 Standards Details 132
7.5.1 Recommendation G.983.1 132
7.5.2 Recommendation G.983.2 132
7.5.3 Recommendation G.983.3 133
7.5.4 Recommendation G.983.4 133
7.5.5 Recommendation G.983.5 133
7.5.6 Recommendation G.983.6 133
7.5.7 Recommendation G.983.7 134
7.5.8 Recommendation G.983.8 134
7.6 Summary 134
Problems 135
Further Reading 137
x CONTENTSChapter 8 Ethernet in the First Mile 139
8.1 EFM Options 140
8.2 EPON Architecture 141
8.2.1 OLT and ONT/ONU Functions 142
8.2.2 EPON Traffic Flows 142
8.2.3 Power Levels Received 145
8.3 MPCP Functions 145
8.3.1 Discovery Process 145
8.3.2 Bandwidth Assignment 146
8.3.3 Transmission Timing 147
8.4 Point-to-Point Ethernet 148
8.4.1 P2P Ethernet Over Fiber 148
8.4.2 P2P Ethernet Over Copper 149
8.5 Main EPON and P2P EFM Standards 149
8.6 Summary 150
Problems 150
Further Reading 153
Chapter 9 GPON Characteristics 155
9.1 GPON Architecture 155
9.1.1 GSR Specification 156
9.1.2 GPON Protection Switching 157
9.1.3 Information Security in a GPON 158
9.2 GPON Recommendation G.984.2 159
9.2.1 Optical Performances 159
9.2.2 Timing and Optical Power Control 160
9.2.3 Forward Error Correction 161
9.3 GPON Transmission Convergence Layer 162
9.3.1 Downstream GPON Frame Format 162
9.3.2 Upstream GPON Frame Format 164
9.3.3 GEM Segment 165
9.4 ONT Management and Control 166
9.5 Summary 166
Problems 167
Further Reading 169
Chapter 10 FTTP Concepts and Applications 171
10.1 Implementation Scenarios 171
10.1.1 Application Alternatives 171
10.1.2 Installation Types 173
CONTENTS xi10.2 Network Architectures 175
10.2.1 Optical Splitter Locations 175
10.2.2 Network Design Variations 177
10.3 Local Powering Options 179
10.3.1 Indoor Power Supply 179
10.3.2 Outdoor Power Supply 180
10.3.3 Network Powering 181
10.4 Service Applications 181
10.4.1 Bandwidth Requirements 182
10.4.2 Video Service Issues 182
10.5 Expanded WDM PON 184
10.6 Summary 185
Problems 186
Further Reading 187
Chapter 11 FTTP Network Design 189
11.1 Design Criteria 189
11.1.1 System Requirements 190
11.1.2 System Margin 191
11.1.3 Power Penalties 191
11.2 Link Power Budget 193
11.2.1 Power-Budgeting Process 194
11.2.2 FTTP 1310-nm Power Budget 196
11.2.3 FTTP 1490-nm Power Budget 198
11.3 Photonic Design Automation Tools 199
11.3.1 Modeling Tool Characteristics 199
11.3.2 FTTP Network Modeling Tool 200
11.4 Link Capacity Estimates 200
11.4.1 Basic Formulation 200
11.4.2 Basic Rise Times 201
11.4.3 FTTP Link Rise Time 202
11.5 Network Protection Schemes 203
11.6 Summary 204
Problems 205
Further Reading 207
Chapter 12 FTTP Network Implementations 209
12.1 Central Office Configuration 209
12.1.1 Service Inputs to the FTTP Network 210
12.1.2 Cable Layout and Interfaces 211
xii CONTENTS12.1.3 WDM Coupler Placement 212
12.1.4 Patch Cords and Intrafacility Cables 214
12.2 Feeder Cables 215
12.2.1 Feeder Cable Structures 215
12.2.2 OSP Distribution Cabinet 216
12.3 Distribution Section 217
12.4 Installation of PON Cables 219
12.4.1 Direct-Burial Installations 220
12.4.2 Horizontal Drilling 223
12.4.3 Pulling Cable into Ducts 224
12.4.4 Cable Jetting Installation 225
12.4.5 Aerial Installation 228
12.4.6 Cable Warning and Identification Markers 228
12.5 Summary 230
Problems 231
Further Reading 232
Chapter 13 Network Installation Testing 233
13.1 International Measurement Standards 235
13.2 Basic Test Instruments 236
13.3 Optical Power Measurements 237
13.3.1 Definition of Optical Power 237
13.3.2 Optical Power Meter 238
13.3.3 Power Meter Applications 239
13.4 Optical Time-Domain Reflectometer 240
13.4.1 OTDR Trace 240
13.4.2 OTDR Dead Zone 242
13.4.3 Fiber Fault Location 243
13.5 Optical Return Loss 243
13.6 Visual Fault Locator 244
13.7 Optical-Loss Test Set 245
13.8 Multifunction Test Instrument 245
13.9 Device Conformance Testing 246
13.10 FTTP Network Testing 247
13.10.1 Checking Individual Link Losses 248
13.10.2 Optical-Loss Budget Check 249
13.10.3 End-to-End Link Characterization 249
13.10.4 ORL Measurements 251
13.10.5 OLT and Video Output Checks 251
13.10.6 ONT Output Check 252
CONTENTS xiii13.11 FTTP Network Troubleshooting 252
13.11.1 Resolutions of Network Problems 253
13.11.2 Troubleshooting Guidelines 255
13.12 Summary 255
Problems 256
References and Further Reading 258
Chapter 14 Network Management Functions 259
14.1 Basic Network Management 260
14.2 Management Functions 261
14.2.1 Performance Management 262
14.2.2 Configuration Management 262
14.2.3 Accounting Management 263
14.2.4 Fault Management 263
14.2.5 Security Management 264
14.3 OAM&P in FTTP Networks 265
14.4 Summary 266
Problems 267
Further Reading 268
Appendix A Units, Physical Constants, and Conversion
Factors 269
Appendix B Acronyms 271
Appendix C Video Transmission 277
Appendix D Communication Signals 279
Appendix E Telcordia Generic Requirements for PON
Applications 283
Index

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[attach]114106[/attach]

时间: 2010-11-4 09:38

作者: tomtuo

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时间: 2010-11-4 14:27

作者: 2006hsr 标题: 回复 1# 的帖子

谢谢楼主分享！

时间: 2010-11-4 14:47

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时间: 2010-11-4 19:08

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谢谢分享，英文的还，呵呵

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时间: 2010-11-6 16:07

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