What blood vessel is to a man's body, that railway is to transportation.(=Just as blood vessel is to a man's body ,so Railway is to transportation.)
铁路对于运输,好比血管对于人体一样。
2. what 与do with连用,意为“(怎样)处理﹑安排或对付等”。what常有较灵活的翻译,常用结构是:“what ...do with sth./sb.?”或“what to do with sth./sb.” 例如:
① What will you do with the letter? 你将把那封信怎样处理?
② The kids do not know what to do with themselves on rainy days.
孩子们不知道雨天干什么好。
注意: do with 与deal with同义,但搭配不同:do with只能与what搭配,而deal with可与不同的疑问词搭配。比较:
③ How will you deal with the letter?你将那封信怎样处理?
④ You may have some idea of what the astronauts have to deal with if you try to drink a glass of water while standing on your head or while just lying down.
① What is the cost(price) of the gold watch?这块金表多少钱?
② What is the speed of the car?车速是多少?
③ What is the length(width﹑depth)of the lake?这湖有多长(宽、深)?
④ What is the population(area)of China?中国的人口(面积)有多少(大)?
⑤ What money(cash) have you got? 你有多少钱(现金)?
⑥ What is your telephone (car、room)number?
你的电话(汽车﹑房间)号码是多少?
4.“What is ...like?”的两种含义。
⑴ 表示“情况怎样”,多指天气或气候。例如:
① What is the weather like today?今天天气怎样?
② What is the climate like there?那里的气候怎样?
⑵ 表示“像什么样,什么模样,怎样的” 指人或事物。例如:
③ What is the camel like ?骆驼是什么样子的?
④ — What is your teacher like?— She is very kind and beautiful.
“你老师是怎样一个人?”——“她既善良又美丽。”
⑤ What will life be like in the future ? 未来的生活是什么样子呢?
注意:“What is...like?”通常用于对某人、某地和某物的实际情况提问,包括对其内在的品质或外在的特征(或持久的特征)提问。而“How is ... like?”是就某人、某地和某物的外观询问对方的看法,可以用来询问变化的事物,如暂时的情况,情绪等,还常用来问候别人的健康。如:
⑥ How is your work these days? 近来你的工作情况如何?
⑦ How is he? 他近况如何? ( 他身体近来怎么样?)
比较:What does she look like?她是什么模样?(What... look like?只能指外表 )
5.“What do you think of...?”用于询问对方对……的看法或评价。例如:
① What do you think of the idea?你认为这个主意怎样?
② What did you think of that film?你对那场电影评价如何?
注意:“ What do you think of...?”是惯用搭配,不能改为“How do you think of...?”。但我们可以说:How do you feel about the idea( that film)?或者How do you like the idea( that film)?
6.what 用作复合关系代词时,既可指代人又可指代物。例如:
① China is no longer what it used to be? 中国已不是过去的中国
② She is what you call a “bluestocking”. 她就是你说的“女才子”.
③ She is not what she was five years ago. 她不再是5年前的她了。
7. what从句可用作宾语补足语或状语。例如:
① We will make the factory twice what it is today. 我们将使工厂比现在规模增加一倍。( 句中的twice what it is today是动词make的宾语the factory的补足语)
② Gravity is what makes you weigh what you weigh. 地心吸引力使人称得现有的重量(句中的第一个what到句末为表语从句;句末的what you weigh 是说明前面的动词weigh, 系回答how much 的问题,作状语)
8.像how和why一样,what可以用作名词。例如:
① Please explain to us how and why, since you know what. 既然你想出一个好办法,请给我们解释清楚解决这个问题的方法和理由。
② By asking why, how and what if, curious minds find new ideas and solutions.
通过刨根问底,提出假设,富有求知欲的天才人物想出了新主意,找出了解决问题的新办法。 ( 见新版高二英语上册p.7,what if 可译为:假设)
9.与what连用的常用句型和词组
⑴ What if…?: What will or would happen if...?如果(假如)...将会怎么样?;例如:
① What if it is true? 如果这是真的又怎么样?
② What if a storm should come up? 万一发生暴风雨怎么办?
⑵ what with : because of ; as a result of; 因为; 由于...的结果; 例如:
③ What with overwork and ( what with) so little sleep, she fell ill.
一半由于工作过度的劳累,一半由于睡眠不足,她病倒了。
④ She has been depressed,what with losing her job and having to move.
她由于丢了工作还要搬家而感到沮丧。
⑶ and what not : and so on ; etc; 以及各种其它东西;诸如此类;等等; 例如:
⑤ I bought sugar, tea, eggs, and what not. 我买了食糖、茶叶、鸡蛋之类的东西。
⑷ come what will(may)是固定搭配必须倒装,意为“不管发生什么事”“不管怎样”
⑥ Come what will (may), I will always stand by you.